Adoption of the ‘planetary health diet’ has different impacts on countries’ GHG emissions

A worldwide shift from current diets to the planetary health diet proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission would have direct implications for agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. By modelling the trajectory of food from cradle-to-farm gate while accounting for international trade, we estimate that agricultural GHG emissions would decrease in countries as well as globally. Yet, in primarily low- and middle-income countries, agricultural GHG emissions would increase by 12-283%. Country-specific impacts of dietary transitions should be considered in climate change mitigation policy.